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A wave is a disturbance that travels from one location to another, and is described by a wave function that is a function of both space and...

Definition of a Wave Webster's dictionary defines a wave as "a disturbance or variation that transfers energy progressively from...

Although some of the more common metallic surface structures have been discussed in previous sections (1.2-1.4), there are many other types...

As mentioned in the Introduction, macroscopic single crystals of metals are not generally employed in technological applications. Massive m...

The phenomena of relaxation and reconstruction involve rearrangements of surface ( and near surface ) atoms, this process being driven by t...

All surfaces are energetically unfavourable in that they have a positive free energy of formation. A simple rationalisation for why this mu...

A number of important metals ( e.g. Fe, W, Mo ) have the bcc structure. As a result of the low packing density of the bulk structure, the s...